창원고등영어전문과외 창원고등수학방문과외창원중등영어#과외 창원중등수학과외선생님창원초등영어방문과외 창원초등수학과외교사창원고등영어과외수업 창원고등수학과외공부him the country's first Secretary of State, forcing him ♠to remain in the nation's capital.[104] Jefferson remained a firm supporter of the French Revolution while opposing its more violent elements.[105] Secretary of State See also: First Party System Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson in 1791 at 49 by Charles Willson Peale Soon after returning from France, Jefferson accepted Washington's invitation to serve as Secretary of State.[106] Pressing issues at this time were the ♠national debt and the permanent location of the capital. Jefferson opposed a national debt, preferring that each state retire its own, in contrast to Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, who desired consolidation of various states' debts by the federal government.[107] Hamilton also had bold plans to establish the national credit and a national bank, but Jefferson strenuously opposed this and attempted to undermine his agenda, which nearly led Washington to dismiss him from his cabinet. Jefferson later left the cabinet voluntarily.[108] The second major issue was the capital's ♠permanent location. Hamilton favored a capital close to the major commercial centers of the Northeast, while Washington, Jefferson, and other agrarians wanted it located to the south.[109] After lengthy deadlock, the Compromise of 1790 was struck, permanently locating the capital on the Potomac River, and the federal government assumed the war debts of all thirteen states.[109] While serving in the government in ♠Philadelphia, Jefferson and political protegee Congressman James Madison founded the National Gazette in 1791, along with poet and writer Phillip Freneau, in an effort to counter Hamilton's Federalist policies, which Hamilton was promoting through the influential Federalist newspaper the Gazette of the United States. The National Gazette made particular criticism of the policies promoted by Hamilton, often through anonymous essays signed by the pen name Brutus at Jefferson's urging, which were actually written by Madison.[110] In the Spring of 1791, Jefferson and Madison took a vacation to Vermont. ♠Jefferson had been suffering from migraines and he was tired of Hamilton in-fighting.[111] In May 1792, Jefferson was alarmed at the political rivalries taking shape; he wrote to Washington, urging him to run for re-election that year as a unifying influence.[112] He urged the president to rally the citizenry to a party that would defend democracy against the corrupting influence of banks and monied interests, as espoused ♠by the Federalists. Historians recognize this letter as the earliest delineation of Democratic-Republican Party principles.[113] Jefferson, Madison, and other Democratic-Republican organizers favored states' rights and local control and opposed federal concentration of power, whereas Hamilton sought more power for the federal government.[114] Jefferson supported France against Britain when the two nations fought in 1793, though his arguments in the Cabinet were undercut by French Revolutionary envoy Edmond-Charles Genêt's open scorn for President Washington.[115] In his discussions with British♠ Minister George Hammond, Jefferson tried unsuccessfully to persuade the British to acknowledge their violation of the Treaty of Paris, to vacate their posts in the Northwest, and to compensate the U.S. for slaves whom the British had freed at the end of the war. Seeking a return to private life, Jefferson resigned the cabinet position in December 1793, perhaps to bolster his political influence from outside the ♠administration.[116] After the Washington administration negotiated the Jay Treaty with Great Britain (1794), Jefferson saw a cause around which to rally his party and organized a national opposition from Monticello.[117] The treaty, designed by Hamilton, aimed to reduce tensions and increase trade. Jefferson warned that it would increase British influence and subvert republicanism, calling it "the boldest act [Hamilton and Jay] ever ventured on to undermine the government".[118] The Treaty passed, but it expired in 1805 during Jefferson's administration and was not renewed.
