중랑구고등영어과외수업 중랑구고등수학과외전문중랑구중등영어과외방문 중랑구중등수학과외지도중랑구초등영어과외학생 중랑구초등수학방문과외중랑구고등영어전문과외교사 중랑구고등수학방문과외선생님until his failing health required him to withdraw on × December 8, after which Philip Pendleton Barbour of Orange County was elected presiding officer. Monroe's grave at Hollywood Cemetery. Upon Elizabeth's death in 1830, Monroe moved to 63 Prince Street at Lafayette Place[129] in New York City to live with his daughter Maria Hester Monroe Gouverneur, who had married Samuel L. Gouverneur. Monroe's health began to slowly fail by the end of the 1820s.[130] On July 4, 1831, Monroe died from heart failure and tuberculosis, thus becoming the third president to have × died on Independence Day. His death came 55 years after the United States Declaration of Independence was proclaimed and five years after the deaths of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. His last words were, "I regret that I should leave this world without again ×beholding him." He referred to James Madison, who in fact was one of his best friends.[131] Monroe was originally buried in New York at the Gouverneur family's vault in the New York City Marble Cemetery. 27 years later, in 1858, his body was re-interred × at the President's Circle in Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia. The James Monroe Tomb is a U.S. National Historic Landmark.[citation needed] Religious beliefs "When it comes to Monroe's thoughts on religion," historian Bliss Isely notes, "less is known than that of any other President." No letters survive in which he discussed his religious beliefs. Nor did his friends, family or associates comment on his beliefs. Letters that do survive, such as ones written after the death of his son, contain no discussion of × religion.[132] Monroe was raised in a family that belonged to the Church of England when it was the state church in Virginia before the Revolution. As an adult, he attended Episcopal churches. Some historians see "deistic tendencies" in his few references to an ×impersonal God.[133] Unlike Jefferson, Monroe was rarely attacked as an atheist or infidel. In 1832 James Renwick Willson, a Reformed Presbyterian minister in Albany, New York, criticized Monroe for having "lived and died like a × second-rate Athenian philosopher."[134] Slavery Monroe owned dozens of slaves. He took several slaves with him to Washington to serve at the White House from 1817 to 1825. This was typical of other slaveholders, as Congress did not provide for domestic staff of the presidents at that time.[135] As president of Virginia's constitutional convention in the fall of 1829, Monroe reiterated his belief that slavery was a blight which, even as a British colony, Virginia had attempted to eradicate. "What was the origin of our × slave population?" he rhetorically asked. "The evil commenced when we were in our Colonial state, but acts were passed by our Colonial Legislature, prohibiting the importation, of more slaves, into the Colony. These were rejected by the Crown." To the dismay ×of states' rights proponents, he was willing to accept the federal government's financial assistance to emancipate and transport freed slaves to other countries. At the convention, Monroe made his final public statement on slavery, proposing × that Virginia emancipate and deport its bondsmen with "the aid of the Union."[136] When Monroe was Governor of Virginia in 1800, hundreds of slaves from Virginia planned to kidnap him, take Richmond, and negotiate for their freedom. Gabriel's slave conspiracy was discovered.[137] Monroe called out the militia; the slave patrols soon captured some slaves accused of involvement. Sidbury says some trials had a few measures to prevent abuses, such as an appointed attorney, but they were "hardly 'fair'". Slave × codes prevented slaves from being treated like whites, and they were given quick trials without a jury.[138] Monroe influenced the Executive Council to pardon and sell some slaves instead of hanging them.[139] Historians say the Virginia courts executed between ×26 and 35 slaves. None of the executed slaves had killed any whites because the uprising had been foiled before it began.[140] Monroe was active in the American Colonization Society, which supported the establishment
