강서구고등영어과외수업 강서구고등수학과외교사강서구중등영어과외선생님 강서구중등수학과외학생강서구초등영어과외교사 강서구초등수학전문과외강서구고등영어과외전문 강서구고등수학방문과외, Daniel, often ran away from his plantation ⓚⓢin Albermarle County, to visit other slaves or separated family members.[21] Monroe commonly called Daniel a "scoundrel" and described his "worthlessness" as a runaway slave.[21] The practice of moving and separating slave families was common in the South.[21] Early political career Virginia politics Monroe was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates in 1782. After serving on Virginia's Executive Council,[22] he was elected to the ⓚⓢCongress of the Confederation in November 1783 and served in Annapolis until Congress convened in Trenton, New Jersey in June 1784. He had served a total of three years when he finally retired from that office by the rule of rotation.[23] By that time, the government was meeting in the temporary capital of New York City. In 1784, Monroe undertook an extensive trip through Western New York and Pennsylvania to inspect the conditions in ⓚⓢthe Northwest. The tour convinced him that the United States had to pressure Britain to abandon its posts in the region and assert control of ⓚⓢthe Northwest.[24] While serving in Congress, Monroe became an advocate for western expansion, and played a key role in the writing and passage of the Northwest Ordinance. The ordinance created the Northwest Territory, providing for federal administration of the territories West of Pennsylvania and North of the Ohio River. During this period, Jefferson continued to serve as a mentor to Monroe, and, at Jefferson's prompting, he ⓚⓢbefriended another prominent Virginian, James Madison.[25] Monroe resigned from Congress in 1786 to focus on his legal career, and he became an attorney for the state. In 1787, Monroe won election to another term in the Virginia House of Delegates. Though he had become outspoken in his desire to reform the Articles, he was unable to attend the Philadelphia Convention due to his work obligations.[26] In 1788, Monroe became a ⓚⓢdelegate to the Virginia Ratifying Convention.[27] In Virginia, the struggle over the ratification of the proposed Constitution involved more than a simple clash ⓚⓢbetween federalists and anti-federalists. Virginians held a full spectrum of opinions about the merits of the proposed change in national government. Washington and Madison were leading supporters; Patrick Henry and George Mason were leading opponents. Those who held the middle ground in the ideological struggle became the central figures. Led by Monroe and Edmund Pendleton, these "federalists who are for amendments," ⓚⓢcriticized the absence of a bill of rights and worried about surrendering taxation powers to the central government.[28] After Madison reversed himself and promised to pass a bill of rights, the Virginia convention ratified the constitution by a narrow vote, though Monroe himself voted against it. Virginia was the tenth state to ratify the Constitution, and all thirteen states eventually ratified the document.[29] Senator Henry and other ⓚⓢanti-federalists hoped to elect a Congress that would amend the Constitution to take away most of the powers it had been granted ("commit suicide on [its] ⓚⓢown authority," as Madison put it). Henry recruited Monroe to run against Madison for a House seat in the First Congress, and he had the Virginia legislature draw a congressional district designed to elect Monroe. During the campaign, Madison and Monroe often traveled together, and the election did not destroy their friendship. Madison prevailed over Monroe, taking 1,308 votes compared to Monroe's 972 votes. Following his defeat, ⓚⓢMonroe returned to his legal duties and developed his farm in Charlottesville. After the death of Senator William Grayson in 1790, Monroe was elected to serve the remainder of Grayson's term.[30] During the presidency of George Washington, U.S. politics became increasingly polarized between the supporters of Secretary of State Jefferson and the Federalists, led by Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton. Monroe stood ⓚⓢfirmly with Jefferson in opposing Hamilton's strong central government and strong executive. The Democratic-Republican Party coalesced
