성동구고등영어과외지도 성동구고등수학전문과외수업성동구중등영어방문과외 성동구중등수학일대일과외성동구초등영어과외선생님 성동구초등영어과외지도성동구고등영어과외내신 성동구고등수학과외정시대비He retained the position as college ⓢⓓchancellor for ten years until his death in 1836. Portrait of Madison, age 82, c. 1833 In 1829, at the age of 78, Madison was chosen as a representative to the Virginia Constitutional Convention for revision of the commonwealth's constitution. It was his last appearance as a statesman. The issue of greatest importance at this convention was apportionment. The western districts of Virginia complained that they were underrepresented ⓢⓓbecause the state constitution apportioned voting districts by county. The increased population in the Piedmont and western parts of the state were not proportionately represented by delegates in the legislature. Western reformers also wanted to extend suffrage to all white men, in place of the prevailing property ownership requirement. Madison tried in vain to ⓢⓓeffect a compromise. Eventually, suffrage rights were extended to renters as well as landowners, but the eastern planters refused to adopt citizen population apportionment. They added slaves held as property to the population ⓢⓓcount, to maintain a permanent majority in both houses of the legislature, arguing that there must be a balance between population and property represented. Madison was disappointed at the failure of Virginians to resolve the issue more equitably.[225] In his later years, Madison became highly concerned about his historic legacy. He resorted to modifying letters and other documents in his possession, changing days and dates, ⓢⓓadding and deleting words and sentences, and shifting characters. By the time he had reached his late seventies, this "straightening out" had become almost an obsession. As an example, he edited a letter written to Jefferson criticizing Lafayette—Madison not only inked out original passages, but even forged Jefferson's handwriting as well.[226] Historian ⓢⓓDrew R. McCoy writes that, "During the final six years of his life, amid a sea of personal [financial] troubles that were threatening to engulf him ... At times mental agitation issued in physical collapse. For the better part of a year in ⓢⓓ1831 and 1832 he was bedridden, if not silenced ... Literally sick with anxiety, he began to despair of his ability to make himself understood by his fellow citizens."[227] Madison's tombstone, Montpelier Madison's health slowly deteriorated. He died of congestive heart failure at Montpelier on the morning of June 28, 1836, at the age of 85.[228] By one common account of his final moments, he was given his breakfast, which ⓢⓓhe tried eating but was unable to swallow. His favorite niece, who sat by to keep him company, asked him, "What is the matter, Uncle James?" Madison died immediately after he replied, "Nothing more than a change of mind, my dear."[229] He is buried in the family cemetery at Montpelier.[219] He was one of the last prominent members of the Revolutionary ⓢⓓWar generation to die.[220] His will left significant sums to the American Colonization Society, the University of Virginia, and Princeton, as well as $30,000 to his wife, Dolley. Left with a smaller sum than Madison had intended, ⓢⓓDolley suffered financial troubles until her own death in 1849.[230] Political and religious views Federalism External video Booknotes interview with Lance Banning on The Sacred Fire of Liberty: James Madison and the Founding of the Federal Republic, February 11, 1996, C-SPAN During his first stint in Congress in the 1780s, Madison came to favor amending the Articles of Confederation to provide for a stronger central ⓢⓓgovernment.[231] In the 1790s, he led the opposition to Hamilton's centralizing policies and the Alien and Sedition Acts.[232] According to Chernow, Madison's support of the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions in the 1790s "was a breathtaking evolution for a man who had pleaded at the Constitutional Convention that the federal government should possess a veto over ⓢⓓstate laws."[112] The historian Gordon S. Wood says that Lance Banning, as in his Sacred Fire of Liberty (1995), is the "only present-day scholar to maintain that Madison did not change his views in the 1790s."[233]
