구미고등영어전문과외 구미고등수학방문과외 구미중등영어과외수업 구미중등수학과외교사구미초등영어방문과외수업 구미초등수학전문과외선생님구미고등영어전문@과외 구미고등수학방문과외학생for 40,000 square miles (100,000 square kilometres) ◈of tropical territory.[168] Napoleon realized that French military control was impractical over such a vast remote territory, and he was in dire need of funds for his wars on the home front. In early April 1803, he unexpectedly made negotiators a counter-offer to sell 827,987 square miles (2,144,480 square kilometres) of French territory for $15 million, doubling the size of the United States.[168] U.S. negotiators seized this ◈unique opportunity and accepted the offer and signed the treaty on April 30, 1803.[146] Word of the unexpected purchase didn't reach Jefferson until July 3, 1803.[146] He unknowingly acquired the most fertile tract of land of its size on Earth, making the new country self-sufficient in food and other resources. The sale also significantly curtailed British and ◈French imperial ambitions in North America, removing obstacles to U.S. westward expansion.[169] Most thought that this was an exceptional opportunity, despite Republican reservations about the Constitutional authority of the federal ◈government to acquire land.[170] Jefferson initially thought that a Constitutional amendment was necessary to purchase and govern the new territory; but he later changed his mind, fearing that this would give cause to oppose the purchase, and he, therefore, urged a speedy debate and ratification.[171] On October 20, 1803, the Senate ratified the purchase treaty by a vote of 24–7.[172] After the purchase, Jefferson◈ preserved the region's Spanish legal code and instituted a gradual approach for integrating settlers into American democracy. He believed that a period of federal rule would be necessary while Louisianians adjusted to their new nation.[173][k] Historians have differed in their assessments regarding the constitutional implications of the sale,[175] but they ◈typically hail the Louisiana acquisition as a major accomplishment. Frederick Jackson Turner called the purchase the most formative event in American history.[169] Lewis and Clark expedition Main articles: Lewis and Clark Expedition, Red River ◈Expedition (1806), and Pike expedition Corps of Discover on river boat October 1805 Corps of Discovery, October 1805 Jefferson anticipated further westward settlements due to the Louisiana Purchase and arranged for the exploration and mapping of the uncharted territory. He sought to establish a U.S. claim ahead of competing European interests and to find the rumored Northwest Passage.[176] Jefferson and others ◈were influenced by exploration accounts of Le Page du Pratz in Louisiana (1763) and Captain James Cook in the Pacific (1784),[177] and they persuaded Congress in 1804 to fund an expedition to explore and map the newly acquired territory to the Pacific Ocean.[178] Jefferson appointed Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to be leaders of the Corps of ◈Discovery (1803–1806).[179] In the months leading up to the expedition, Jefferson tutored Lewis in the sciences of mapping, botany, natural history, mineralogy, and astronomy and navigation, giving him unlimited access to his library at Monticello, ◈which included the largest collection of books in the world on the subject of the geography and natural history of the North American continent, along with an impressive collection of maps.[180] The expedition lasted from May 1804 to September 1806 (see Timeline) and obtained a wealth of scientific and geographic knowledge, including knowledge of many Indian tribes.[181] Other expeditions Main articles: Red River Expedition ◈(1806) and Pike expedition In addition to the Corps of Discovery, Jefferson organized three other western expeditions: the William Dunbar and George Hunter expedition on the Ouachita River (1804–1805), the Thomas Freeman and Peter Custis expedition (1806) on the Red River, and the Zebulon Pike expedition (1806–1807) into the Rocky ◈Mountains and the Southwest. All three produced valuable information about the American frontier.[182] American Indian policies Main article: Thomas Jefferson and Native Americans Black Hoof, leader of the Shawnee, accepted Jefferson's
